Abstract
Current and future global environmental change, in combination with population growth and increase in consumption per capital, poses a great threat to global food security. In addition, it is predicted that up to 25% of world food production may be lost during the 21 st century due to climate change, water scarcity, invasive pests and land degradation.Smallholders in Ethiopia face widespread problems related to inappropriate cultivation, overgrazing and deforestation, resulting in soil erosion and soil fertility decline, water scarcity, lack of pasture and livestock feed, and fuel wood crisis. This cycles requiring urgent action and different approaches in the dry lands and highland areas adapting to climate change through land and Water management. Increasing weather variability and climate change are contributing to land and natural resource degradation by exposing soils to extreme conditions and straining the capacity of existing land management practices to maintain resource quality. Results include degradation of vegetation cover and loss of biodiversity, soil erosion, depletion of organic matter, reduced rainwater infiltration and water holding capacity of the soil and loss of productivity and effects on wider ecological functions. So that by considering the climate change as national and global condition it is a time to taking action through different alternatives. Among the options conservation agriculture system is one of non-substitutable option among others due to its smartness with climate change by improving soil fertility, water management and food security. DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/12-1-03 Publication date: January 31 st 2021
Highlights
Current and future global environmental change, in combination with population growth and increase in consumption per capital, poses a great threat to global food security
It is predicted that up to 25% of world food production may be lost during the 21st century due to climate change, water scarcity, invasive pests and land degradation (UNEP, 2009)
Despite uncertainties on the directions and amplitude of climate changes, there is significant information and scientific evidence that indicates an increase in average temperature and in climate variability in the semi-arid tropics, with subsequent increases in the occurrence of droughts, floods and heat waves that affect people, their crops and their livestock .Predictions of future climates for the countries of Eastern Africa vary, with high altitude areas of Ethiopia potentially benefiting from warming temperatures
Summary
Current and future global environmental change, in combination with population growth and increase in consumption per capital, poses a great threat to global food security. Smallholders in Ethiopia generally face widespread problems related to inappropriate cultivation, overgrazing and deforestation, resulting in soil erosion and soil fertility decline, water scarcity, lack of pasture and livestock feed, and fuel wood crisis This vicious cycle of “poverty, food insecurity and natural resources degradation” is driven by population growth but is being exacerbated by increasing weather variability and climate change, requiring urgent action and different approaches in the drylands and highland areas Better nutrient management through crop rotation can decrease nitrogen fertilizer use by up to 100 kg N per hectare per year, substantially lowering related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (nitrous oxide has a global warming potential 310 times greater than CO2) as well as reducing the costs of production. When crop growth is not well synchronized with the release of nitrogen by the cover crop, the nitrogen fixed is lost through leaching or denitrification
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
