Mitigating the Impact of Climate Change on Vegetable Farming: An Evaluation of Artificial Planting Technique

Abstract

A worldwide issue, global warming results from human activity changing the climate and having a negative impact on people, animals, and plants. However, in terms of plants, the sun provides the primary elements required for healthy growth of photosynthetic plants, which use the energy from the sun to create food for themselves. Light with varying wavelengths that serve distinct functions during the photosynthetic process are the essential elements that are captured from the sun. The wavelength of the ultraviolet (UV) component of sunlight varies, characterized as UV A (315–400 nm) and UV B (280–315 nm) are the primary components that must be precisely proportioned for a profitable farming. In order to lessen the impact of climate change on vegetable farming, this research suggests integrating light emitting diodes (LEDs) in artificial growing machines as well as planned irrigation systems as an alternate source of ultraviolet sunshine. To provide the necessary UV light combination, blue, red and white colours of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were combined using diffusers. The red, blue, and white LEDs were used for two weeks, each 12 hours a day, to influence the plants growth, with red promoting photosynthesis, white improving it, and blue encouraging stem and leaf growth. An Arduino Uno was used to program both the hardware and software components of the automated growth machine. The outcome of planting varied vegetable plant under LED lights was contrasted with the outcome of planting the identical set of plants under direct sunlight. After the first and second weeks of planting, the plants' performances under both circumstances are comparable.