Abstract
We examine theoretically under what conditions mirrorless optical parametric oscillation can be obtained in PPLN and PPLT. We take into account the damage threshold, idler absorption and domain width fluctuations, as well as competing nonlinear processes that may deplete the pump before oscillation occurs. We also solve numerically the coupled wave equations to take into account the buildup from quantum fluctuations to a detectable level. We found that there is a pulsewidth that minimizes the required pump energy to observe mirrorless oscillation. For a perfect 2-cm-long PPLN sample, a 700-ps, 1.064-µm pump with a 50-µm radius and a counter-propagating 4.5-µm idler, fifth-order quasi-phase-matched oscillation can be obtained with less than 70 µJ. For PPLT, the requirements are higher (200 µJ for a perfect 2.5-cm PPLT sample). Mirrorless oscillation in bulk PPLN and PPLT requires almost perfect domain structures. The average duty cycle must be very close to the ideal value of 50%. For fifth-order quasi-phase-matching in 2-cm-long PPLN, fluctuations with a standard deviation of up to ~300 nm are acceptable. For third-order quasi-phase-matching, the requirements are less: In PPLN standard deviations of up to 450 nm are acceptable and in PPLT this value is ~300 nm.
Published Version
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