Abstract
MicroRNA/miRNA refers to types of RNA which are non-coding; they are21 to 25 nucleotides in length. In most cases, at particular nucleotide locations, they relate to one or more mRNAs. Deadenylation, cleavage, and alternative procedures of translation’s suppression are the means by which miRNA disturb gene repression. Recent investigations seem to propose that miRNAs are involved in many cell procedures and for this they became perfect targets for usage in healing purposes. Various miRNAs are involved in the development of human vascular diseases, due to their function in modulating vascular cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis via their targeted genes. Since vascular diseases are multifactorial and complex, numerous genes may be involved in their progression and regulation. Therefore, miRNAs can also have multiple gene targets, and in some instances, one gene can be modulated by various miRNAs. As of now, more than 800 human microRNAs have been identified using miBase, and work is still being conducted to search for and characterize new miRNAs. With rigorous clinical and fundamental studies, a clear understanding of how miRNAs function, in addition to the ways they can be used as biomarkers and targets for cancer and cardiovascular illnesses, will progress.
Highlights
MicroRNAs constitute a large family of approximately 21-nucleotide-long, noncoding RNAs
Recent Studies and Results: MicroRNAs are found to perform an essential role in the regulation of reproductive functions, such as oocyte development, folliculogenesis, corpus luteum function, implantation, and early embryogenesis (Eisenberg et al, 2015)
The dysregulation of miRNAs plays a role in the development of the cancer as well as viral interference
Summary
The aim is to provide the basic principles of miRNAs in development of diseases. The possibility of miRNAs on the clinical application for diagnosis and therapy of diseases will be reviewed and discussed. A systematic search of the literature to review and present the currently available evidence on the possible roles of microRNAs was conducted
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