Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles with Hydrogen Peroxide against Endodontic Enterococcus faecalis

Saraa Al-Mallah,Ali Al-Naimi

doi:10.33899/rden.2021.128786.1062

Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to assess the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) effect of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) in combination with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by evaluating its effect against endodontic Enterococcus Faecalis ( E. faecalis) in the planktonic model. Materials and Methods: the tested irrigants groups (IONPs, 3% H2O2, 5.25% NaOCl, IONPs+H2O2) were serially diluted in brain heart infusion broth, and 100 μl of standard microbial suspensions of E. faecalis were added. The results were obtained based on turbidity and growth on selective enterococcus agar plates. Results: IONPs+H2O2 showed to be more effective against E. faecalis than IONPs, 3% H2O2 and 5.25% NaOCl as lower dilutions were required to inhibit the growth of the bacteria. NaOCl exhibited an antibacterial effect equivalent to that of H2O2, while IONPs exhibited a stimulatory growth at the high tested concentration. Conclusions: IONPs+H2O2 showing promissory antibacterial properties as an intracanal irrigating solution to control E. faecalis from the infected root canal.

Highlights

The Periapical disease is triggered by a bacterial infection that invades the root canal system and causes an immunoinflammatory host reaction that damages apical tissues (1)
Several antimicrobial solutions are used in endodontic therapy, like sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and Biopure MTAD
minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) for the four irrigants (5.25% NaOCl, 3% H2O2, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), IONPs+ H2O2) against E. faecalis is shown in Table (1)

Summary

Introduction

The Periapical disease is triggered by a bacterial infection that invades the root canal system and causes an immunoinflammatory host reaction that damages apical tissues (1). Endodontic treatment is intended to control intracanal infection and avoid re-infection to achieve periapical healing. More resistant bacteria to endodontic treatments, such as E. faecalis are usually present and decrease the success rate of the therapy. E. faecalis, grampositive facultative anaerobes, has been found in primary infections and is localized in onethird of the teeth with the chronic periapical disease[3]. The eradication of E. faecalis from the root canal system is important to enhance the prognosis of endodontic treatment. NaOCl eradicates E. faecalis almost instantly after contact. Some researchers have shown that higher concentrations and more contact time of NaOCl are required to eradicate E. faecalis[4,5]

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion