Abstract
It is a challenging work to develop efficient routing protocols for Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks (DTMSNs), which have several unique characteristics such as sensor mobility, intermittent connectivity, energy limit, and delay tolerability. In this paper, we propose a new routing protocol called Minimum Expected Delay-based Routing (MEDR) tailored for DTMSNs. MEDR achieves a good routing performance by finding and using the connected paths formed dynamically by mobile sensors. In MEDR, each sensor maintains two important parameters: Minimum Expected Delay (MED) and its expiration time. According to MED, messages will be delivered to the sensor that has at least a connected path with their hosting nodes, and has the shortest expected delay to communication directly with the sink node. Because of the changing network topology, the path is fragile and volatile, so we use the expiration time of MED to indicate the valid time of the path, and avoid wrong transmissions. Simulation results show that the proposed MEDR achieves a higher message delivery ratio with lower transmission overhead and data delivery delay than other DTMSN routing approaches.
Highlights
To deal with data gathering in mobile and extreme environments lacking continuous connectivity, Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks (DTMSNs) [1,2,3,4,5] have been proposed in recent years.DTMSNs belongs to the general category of Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) [6,7,8,9,10,11,12], occasionally connected networks that may suffer from frequent partitions
We propose a new routing protocol called Minimum Expected Delay-based Routing (MEDR), which can efficiently find out and utilize temporary and local multiple-hop connected paths which are dynamically formed by moving nodes to improve the performance of data gathering
We propose a novel routing protocol called MEDR tailored for DTMSNs
Summary
To deal with data gathering in mobile and extreme environments lacking continuous connectivity, Delay Tolerant Mobile Sensor Networks (DTMSNs) [1,2,3,4,5] have been proposed in recent years. Traditional data gathering approaches, which usually rely on a large number of densely deployed sensor nodes with short range radio to form a well connected end-to-end network, and collect the target data and transmit them to the sink nodes by collaborating together, cannot work effectively in DTMSNs. how to develop efficient routing protocols, which can achieve high data delivery ratios with low transmission overhead and acceptable delay for DTMSNs, becomes the key issue. We propose a new routing protocol called MEDR, which can efficiently find out and utilize temporary and local multiple-hop connected paths which are dynamically formed by moving nodes to improve the performance of data gathering.
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