Abstract
The Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka publishes the results of research in all aspects of Science and Technology. The journal also has a website at http://www.nsf.gov.lk/. 2021 Impact Factor: 0.682The JNSF provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.
Highlights
The ultra-short maturity class rice (Oryza sativa L.) matures in approximately 80 days from sowing and can effectively avoid droughts and floods without impairing grain yield if its field crop duration (FCD) that requires water supply is kept to a minimum
FCD that requires water supply could be minimized to about [57-59] days depending on the season, without impairing grain yield, by transplanting 12 day old seedlings at the rate of 3 seedlings/ hill when coupled with termination of irrigation at 14 days after 50% heading
Rainfall and pan evaporation in the wet season were much higher and a little lower respectively, than that in the dry season and pan evaporation was higher than the rainfall in the dry season while pan evaporation was much lower than the rainfall in the wet season
Summary
The ultra-short maturity class rice (Oryza sativa L.) matures in approximately 80 days from sowing and can effectively avoid droughts and floods without impairing grain yield if its field crop duration (FCD) that requires water supply is kept to a minimum. One of the successful ways to overcome the drought and flood problems in this ecosystem is to cultivate rice varieties with very short maturity duration (Wade et al, 1994; Salam et al, 1995) Such varieties have the ability to overcome water stress towards the tail end of the cropping season in droughtprone areas where varieties with comparatively longer maturity duration frequently fail due to severe yield losses. The rice variety Bg 250, which has been developed recently in Sri Lanka and released for cultivation, belongs to the ultra short maturity class and its yield potential is relatively high This variety has the ability to avoid water stress in drought-prone areas and fit into short cropping seasons when floods recede in floodprone areas due to its ultra short maturity duration while giving a reasonable grain yield between 3.2 - 5.7 t/ha (Abeysiriwardena et al, 2004). The Rice Production Manual (1970) reported that the growing period of a rice variety varies depending on cultural practices
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