Abstract
Hemostasis in vivo is a key to success in minimally invasive surgery (MIS). However, solid hemostatic materials cannot pass through the sheath tube of the MIS apparatus, while liquid ones are restricted by their low adhesion, which leads to them peeling off of tissue. To tackle the dilemma of fluidity and adhesion, a formulation containing a multifunctional sucrose allyl ether (SAE) monomer and an alpha-hydroxyketone liquid photoinitiator (HMPP) was applied as a lead hemostatic material for MIS. Real-time infrared results showed that SAE initiated by HMPP can rapidly polymerize into a transparent crosslinking membrane. Quantum chemistry showed that this occurs via a free radical addition reaction mechanism. Thermodynamic properties, such as reaction driving force and enthalpy change, were similar to those for a corresponding small molecular analogue, allyl methyl ether (AME), but the addition rate was lower than that for AME. The CC50 values of SAE and HMPP were also obtained by cell experiments. A hemostasis experiment in vivo was performed by comparing the formulation with chitosan and a traditional Chinese medicine (Yunnan Baiyao powder). The result showed that the formulation had a competitive advantage for use in MIS.
Highlights
Hemostasis in vivo is a key to success in minimally invasive surgery (MIS)
The RT-IR experiment shows that a formulation with sucrose allyl ether (SAE) and HMPP can readily undergo polymerization under irradiation conditions to form a transparent membrane
The result of quantum chemistry shows that the Ea and ∆G of the radical addition reaction was the same as those of its corresponding small molecular analogue allyl methyl ether (AME), indicating that this process proceeds by a radical addition reaction mechanism
Summary
Yun Zhang[1], Dandan Song[1], Hong Huang[1], Zhiling Liang[1], Houhe Liu[1], Yugang Huang[1], Cheng Zhong2 & Guodong Ye1. To tackle the dilemma of fluidity and adhesion, a formulation containing a multifunctional sucrose allyl ether (SAE) monomer and an alphahydroxyketone liquid photoinitiator (HMPP) was applied as a lead hemostatic material for MIS. Other macromolecular materials include natural materials (e.g., oxidized cellulose and chitosan) and polymeric materials (e.g., polyvinyl alcohol and polylactic acid) These materials are very applicable to traditional surgery considering their acceptable biodegradability and good biocompatibility[4,5]. A low viscosity material will be necessary for microchannel transport for application to the affected part Solid materials, such as polylactic acid (PLA), cannot meet this requirement, while liquid materials, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), do not stick to tissue. Sucrose oleate (O-170) as a monomer and ethyl-2,4,6-Trimethylbenzoylphenylphosphinate (TPO-L) as a photoinitiator were selected for comparison
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