Miniaturized ionic liquid dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction in a coupled-syringe system combined with UV for extraction and determination of danazol in danazol capsule and mice serum

Abstract

In this study, for the first time, a coupled 1-mL microsyringe system was utilized to perform a miniaturized ionic liquid dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (IL-DLLME) method. Danazol was extracted and determined via the developed method followed by micro-volume ultraviolet spectroscopy (UV). The extraction process was carried out by the injection of extraction solvent ionic liquid 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [C8mimPF6] into sample solution (syringe A), and then rapid shoot the solution into syringe B. After that the shooting was repeated several times at a rate of 1cycle/s. The extraction procedure was induced by the formation of cloudy solution, which was composed of fine drops of [C8mimPF6] dispersed entirely into sample solution with the help of shooting without any dispersive solvent, ultrasonication or high temperature. Several important parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were studied and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.055μg/mL (capsule) or 0.054μg/mL (serum) at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. The calibration curve was linear over the range of 0.62-25μg/mL. The proposed method was successfully applied to danazol capsule and the real mice serum samples and good spiked recoveries in the range of 90.5–103.4% were obtained. The obtained results of this work were in good agreement with the results of HPLC.