Miniaturized flexible sensor with reduced graphene oxide/carbon nano tube modified bismuth working electrode for heavy metal detection

Abstract

A solvothermal-assisted Reduced Graphene Oxide (RGO) and Carbon-nano-tube (CNT) composites were successfully micro-patterned on a flexible Polyimide (PI) substrate using a lithography technique followed by the electrodeposition of Bismuth (Bi) on micro-patterned composite electrode surface for the electrochemical detection of heavy metal ions. The integrated electrochemical micro-sensor was then measured and evaluated for the detection of Cadmium and lead-heavy metal ions in an acetate buffered solution using Square Wave Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (SWASV) technique. The detection limit of 0.2 ppb and 0.6 ppb were recorded for the lead and Cadmium, respectively.