Miniaturized characterization of polymers: From synthesis to rheological and mechanical properties in 30 mg

Abstract

The determination of rheological and mechanical material properties becomes a challenge when the availability of material is limited to a few (milli)grams. This miniaturized testing is hampered by the contradicting requirements of small sample sizes (and thus surface areas) and sufficiently large generated torques and forces. In this paper we provide a feasible methodology to determine the relevant material parameters in terms of processing and mechanical performance starting from 30 mg of material, using micropillars with a diameter of 1 mm. Complex viscosity in small amplitude oscillatory shear as the relevant parameter for thermoconformation processes is determined by means of eccentric rheometry. Herein, the sample is placed off-centered, which results in an increase in the generated torque without the need for increasing the size of the sample. By combining experimental data and numerical simulations, we show that the choice of the pillar aspect ratio is essential to maintain a homogeneous sample deformation and thus to extract correct rheological parameters. Values obtained with eccentric rheometry collapse with those obtained from standard rheometry. The intrinsic mechanical behavior is evaluated at room temperature and the yielding kinetics is studied. The methodology developed here can be extended to other systems and testing conditions, allowing a full material characterization in the liquid as well as in the solid state with only 30 mg of material.