Abstract
This paper presents a social spider optimization (SSO) design of a small-size microstrip antenna. Two antenna miniaturization techniques, based on the use of a Koch fractal contour and a shorting post (connecting the patch to the ground plane), are combined to enable a major size reduction. The antenna is inset fed by a microstrip line. The developed SSO algorithm is used to find out the best radius and position of the shorting post and the length of the inset feed, to achieve the desired resonant frequency with good impedance matching. Antenna prototypes have been fabricated and measured. The good agreement obtained between numerical simulation and experimental results has validated the design procedure. Compared with a conventional rectangular patch, the antenna resonance frequency is reduced from 2.45 GHz to 730 MHz, which corresponds to a remarkable miniaturization of about 70%. The proposed antenna is suitable for applications in the 700-800 MHz frequency range, such as 4G mobile communication systems.
Highlights
Over the past few years, there has been an increasing demand for more reliable wireless mobile communication systems and a consistent trend to increase the required transmission capacity
The microstrip antenna is composed of a conducting patch with Koch fractal shape and a shorting post
An optimization technique based on an social spider optimization (SSO) algorithm is used to obtain the position and radius of the shorting post and the inset feed length and width
Summary
Over the past few years, there has been an increasing demand for more reliable wireless mobile communication systems and a consistent trend to increase the required transmission capacity. Some of the required characteristics in antenna design for use in aircraft, spacecraft, and mobile wireless communication systems are reduced size and weight, low production cost, simplicity in the manufacturing process, flexible performance, ease of installation, mechanical robustness, printed circuit technology, and compatibility with monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC). Microstrip antennas exhibit these advantageous features and, are suitable and widely used in communication system applications at the microwave and millimeter wave bands. With the proposed technique, a small microstrip patch antenna can be designed to be used in the low frequency bands of the 4G mobile communication systems
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