Abstract
The aim of this paper is providing research-based evidence on how cities can be more experimental and open in their mobility innovation process based on the Public Value theory. This paper introduces a roadmap on how cities can test novel ideas to face urban challenges in the field of mobility. Empirically, Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) minipilots were analysed in four cities of Hamburg, Turku, Tallinn and Riga with actual street-level testing in three of them. Although the main concept is harmonized across all pilot sites, the idea and implementation of minipilots follows a bottom-up logic with decision-making on the key characteristics of minipilots given to cities themselves. The data was collected via analysing pilot documents, observation and interviews with city representatives.
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