Abstract
Radioactive particle migration from the soil surface is an unignorable factor for the radioactive material distribution prediction after a nuclear accident, especially for the decision support of radioactive disposal. Considering the continuous emission, collision, and reattachment of radioactive particles, a creative simulation method with a coupled model was proposed, which combines an empirical model and the CFD-DEM method, and was established to simulate the secondary emission and motion of radioactive particles. The source term of the radioactive particles is estimated by an empirical model as the input of the CFD-DEM. Regarding the characteristics of the particle motion, the spout-fluidized bed simulation by the coupled model is consistent with the referred simulation results and experimental data, which validates the correctness of this model. The coupling model was applied to simulate the radioactive particle distribution and migration on the nonconfined backward facing step (NBFS). The simulation reveals that the distribution features and migration flux of the radioactive particles can be estimated in detail by the proposed model, which can help to provide more actual information for radioactive disposal after nuclear accidents.
Highlights
Over the past almost 10 years since the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident, the secondary emission of deposited particles, due to factors such as aerodynamic entrainment after impaction and breakage of soil particles, is the main source of radiocesium in the atmosphere [1, 2]. e migration of radioactive particles from the soil surface can cause persistent recontamination of the cleaned ground surface
Numerical simulation can intuitively assess the harmful radiation under the nuclear accident condition and quickly predict the region of radioactive particle migration [5]
The resuspension factor proposed by Hatano and Hatano [7] is used to accurately estimate the deposit date of contaminant. e empirical model was developed from the data and an updated NCRP 129 model by Loosmore [8] for shorttime prediction of the resuspension
Summary
Over the past almost 10 years since the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident, the secondary emission of deposited particles, due to factors such as aerodynamic entrainment after impaction and breakage of soil particles, is the main source of radiocesium in the atmosphere [1, 2]. e migration of radioactive particles from the soil surface can cause persistent recontamination of the cleaned ground surface. E migration of radioactive particles from the soil surface can cause persistent recontamination of the cleaned ground surface It has harmful radiation for the environment and increases the decontamination cost [3]. Numerical simulation can intuitively assess the harmful radiation under the nuclear accident condition and quickly predict the region of radioactive particle migration [5]. E previous method as the empirical formulas estimates the radioactivity concentration of the particles in the atmosphere after the nuclear accident, which aims to predict. A new resuspension model, which is named the size-resolved, one-dimensional resuspension scheme, was proposed by Ishizuka et al [9] to estimate the radioactivity concentration of the particles in the atmosphere near FDNPP because of the secondary emission after the nuclear accident. Based on the description of macroscopic properties, the empirical model can quickly evaluate the resuspension factors of radioactive particles; it cannot simulate the evolution process of the resuspension radioactive particles, which is necessary for the calculation of the particle distribution [6]
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