Microwave synthesis of fluorescent and luminescent dyes (1990–2017)

Abstract

Microwave-assisted organic synthesis (MAOS) has been risen as new strategy in the syntheses of dyes with luminescence properties. Scientists have turned from conventional heating to microwave assisted chemistry as an astounding and powerful strategy for their researches in modern organic synthesis. The technique offers a lot of advantages as it is simple, rapid, economic, and efficient. Dyes are effective molecules have pivotal effects in various fields. They were endowed with a diverse of electrochemical and photophysical properties and biomedical applications. Novel microwave synthetic strategies for many types of dyes including naphthalimides, phenothiazines, fluorescein, pyridinones, cyanines, quinolines, coumarins, triazoloquinoxalines, monoazo disperse dyes and schiff base dyes were demonstrated. This review highlights microwave applications for the synthesis of dyes with fluorescence, luminescence and photophysical properties from 1990 to 2017.