Microwave Imaging Sensor Using Compact Metamaterial UWB Antenna with a High Correlation Factor.

Md Islam,Md Samsuzzaman,Mohammad Islam,Norbahiah Misran,Mohammad Faruque,Haslina Arshad

doi:10.3390/ma8084631

Md Islam, Md Samsuzzaman + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ma8084631

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Abstract

The design of a compact metamaterial ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with a goal towards application in microwave imaging systems for detecting unwanted cells in human tissue, such as in cases of breast cancer, heart failure and brain stroke detection is proposed. This proposed UWB antenna is made of four metamaterial unit cells, where each cell is an integration of a modified split ring resonator (SRR), capacitive loaded strip (CLS) and wire, to attain a design layout that simultaneously exhibits both a negative magnetic permeability and a negative electrical permittivity. This design results in an astonishing negative refractive index that enables amplification of the radiated power of this reported antenna, and therefore, high antenna performance. A low-cost FR4 substrate material is used to design and print this reported antenna, and has the following characteristics: thickness of 1.6 mm, relative permeability of one, relative permittivity of 4.60 and loss tangent of 0.02. The overall antenna size is 19.36 mm × 27.72 mm × 1.6 mm where the electrical dimension is 0.20 λ × 0.28 λ × 0.016 λ at the 3.05 GHz lower frequency band. Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) measurements have illustrated that this antenna exhibits an impedance bandwidth from 3.05 GHz to more than 15 GHz for VSWR < 2 with an average gain of 4.38 dBi throughout the operating frequency band. The simulations (both HFSS and computer simulation technology (CST)) and the measurements are in high agreement. A high correlation factor and the capability of detecting tumour simulants confirm that this reported UWB antenna can be used as an imaging sensor.

Highlights

The field of electromagnetic waves and antennas has attracted increasing interest for the medical application of microwave systems
This paper introduces a microwave imaging sensor based on a novel compact metamaterial UWB
split ring resonator (SRR), capacitive loaded strip (CLS) and wire with three slots in the partial ground plane have been applied in this paper, which bears the novelty of the proposed metamaterial antenna as microwave imaging sensor

Summary

Introduction

The field of electromagnetic waves and antennas has attracted increasing interest for the medical application of microwave systems. A metamaterial antenna was investigated for UWB application with a modified SRR and capacitive loaded strip (CLS), where the electrical dimensions were 0.21 λ × 0.20 λ at a lower frequency of 2.90 GHz [35]. This paper introduces a microwave imaging sensor based on a novel compact metamaterial UWB antenna using a new technique This metamaterial antenna is based on four unit cells of metamaterial on the patch with a partial ground while maintaining an impedance bandwidth from 3.05 GHz to 15 GHz. Metamaterial unit cells (a combination of a modified SRR and a CLS) simultaneously show both negative permittivity and negative permeability. SRR, CLS and wire with three slots in the partial ground plane have been applied in this paper, which bears the novelty of the proposed metamaterial antenna as microwave imaging sensor. This proposed metamaterial antenna is very much suitable for medical instrumentation industry

Unit Cell Design Architecture

Antenna Design and Fabrication

Antenna Performance

Time Domain Performance

Findings

Conclusions