Abstract
Skin cancer is one of the most widespread and fast growing of all kinds of cancer since it affects the human body easily due to exposure to the Sun’s rays. Microwave imaging has shown better outcomes with higher resolution, faster processing time, mobility, and less cutter and artifact effects. A miniaturized elliptical ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna and its semi-spherical array arrangement were used for signal transmission and reception from the defected locations in the breast skin. Several conditions such as various arrays of three, six, and nine antenna elements, smaller tumor, multi-tumors, and skin on a larger breast sample of 30 cm were considered. To assess the ability of the system, a breast shape container with a diameter of 130 mm and height of 60 mm was 3D printed and then filled with fabricated skin and breast fat to perform the experimental investigation. An improved modified time-reversal algorithm (IMTR) was used to recreate 2D images of tumors with the smallest radius of 1.75 mm in any location within the breast skin. The reconstructed images using both simulated and experimental data verified that the system can be a reliable imaging system for skin cancer diagnosis having a high structural similarity index and resolution.
Highlights
One of the major causes of death can be assumed as skin cancer
These techniques are known as ultrasound (US), which can detect a tumor in vivo with a resolution of 80 mm and 200 mm for lateral and axial resolutions, respectively [2]
Microwave imaging is a promising method in medical imaging consisting of three kinds of passive, hybrid, and active [7]
Summary
One of the major causes of death can be assumed as skin cancer. Numerous types of skin cancer exist and are known as basal cell and squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma. Numerous imaging methods have been used for skin cancer imaging These techniques are known as ultrasound (US), which can detect a tumor in vivo with a resolution of 80 mm and 200 mm for lateral and axial resolutions, respectively [2]. A flexible AMC antenna designed for early detection of skin cancer was designed at the X-band and frequency range of 8–12 GHz, the radiation efficiency of 65%, and maximum gain of 6.5 dBi (limited bandwidth so a low resolution was obtained) [15]. Another AMC wearable UWB antenna was designed at the X-band from.
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