Abstract
PurposeWe aimed to evaluate microvascular changes on optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) who underwent silicone oil (SO) tamponade and compare changes according to macular involvement.MethodsThis retrospective study included 48 patients with unilateral RRD who underwent vitrectomy and SO tamponade and were stable after SO removal. Control data were obtained from the fellow healthy eye. Ophthalmic examinations, including best corrective visual acuity (BCVA) and OCTA, were conducted. Differences in vascular density (VD) in different sections of the macula and differences in the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were analyzed between the affected eyes and control eyes. Subgroup analyses according to macular involvement were performed.ResultsBaseline BCVA and duration of SO tamponade were associated with postoperative BCVA (p<0.001, p = 0.03, respectively). The average VD in the deep capillary plexus (DCP) and the VD of the nasal parafoveal area in both the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and the DCP decreased relative to those in the control eyes (p = 0.026, p = 0.028, and p = 0.031, respectively). The FAZ area in the DCP and in the SCP also increased when compared with that in the controls (p = 0.043, p = 0.002, respectively). In addition, the macular-off RRD group had lower VD in the nasal parafoveal area of the DCP than the macular-on RRD group.ConclusionSO tamponade could cause microvascular changes, especially in the nasal parafoveal area. The macular-off RRD group were affected more than the macular-on RRD group.
Highlights
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is an important cause of blindness worldwide and occurs in 10,000 people per year [1]
We evaluated the changes in retinal microvascular parameters and various factors associated with postoperative visual outcomes in RRD treated with Silicone oil (SO) tamponade
Baseline best corrective visual acuity (BCVA) and the duration of SO tamponade were associated with postoperative BCVA
Summary
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is an important cause of blindness worldwide and occurs in 10,000 people per year [1]. Silicone oil (SO) has been widely used as a long-term intraocular tamponade for treating complex retinal detachments. The performance of an intraocular tamponade reduces recurrence and prevents proliferative retinopathy [2, 3]. SO is an effective intraocular tamponade due to its high viscosity and high surface tension, it has been associated with cataract progression, increased intraocular pressure, emulsified oil droplets, and band keratopathy [4]. Several studies have reported changes related to SO tamponade using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and microperimetry. These changes are widely assumed to be linked to SO-induced toxicity and ischemia, which result in damage to ganglion cells and the inter-nuclear synapsis [8, 9]
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