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Abstract
The objective of the study was to investigate whether low-level 915 MHz GSM-modulated radiofrequency (RF) radiation impairs microtubular structure and affects normal cell growth. V79 cells were exposed to a GSM-modulated field in a Gigahertz Transversal Electromagnetic Mode cell (GTEM cell) for 1, 2, and 3 h. Signal generator combined with power and chip modulator generated the electromagnetic field (EMF). The electric field strength was adjusted to 10, 20, and 30 V/m, and the average specific absorption rate (SAR) was calculated to be 0.23, 0.8, and 1.6 W/kg. The structure of microtubule proteins was assessed by indirect immunocytochemistry, and cell growth was determined based on cell counts taken every day over six post-exposure days. Three-hour radiation exposure significantly altered microtubule structure regardless of the electric field strength. Moreover, on the third post-exposure day, three-hour radiation significantly reduced cell growth, regardless of field strength. The same was observed with two-hour exposure at 20 and 30 V/m. In conclusion, 915 MHz GSM-modulated RF radiation affects microtubular proteins in a time-dependent manner, which, in turn, affects cell proliferation. Our future research will focus on microtubule structure throughout the cell cycle and RF radiation effects on mitotic spindle.
Highlights
The objective of the study was to investigate whether low-level 915 MHz GSM-modulated radiofrequency (RF) radiation impairs microtubular structure and affects normal cell growth
Electromagnetic field was created inside a 5402 Gigahertz Transversal Electromagnetic Mode Cell (GTEM, ETS-Lindgren, Cedar Park, TX, USA). 915 MHz field was generated with a tracking generator and an Anritsu 2721B spectrum analyser combined with an RF 3146 power amplifier module (RF Micro Devices, Greensboro, NC, USA) and a Polaris chipset RF 2722 signal modulator (RF Micro Devices)
The cells were exposed to different electric field strengths, they showed the same pattern of time-dependent microtubular impairment
Summary
The objective of the study was to investigate whether low-level 915 MHz GSM-modulated radiofrequency (RF) radiation impairs microtubular structure and affects normal cell growth. For RF energy to impair physiological function or trigger a disease in humans or animals there must be a mechanism by which physical forces exerted by electric and magnetic fields or charged particles alter molecules, chemical reactions, cell membrane, or biological structure [20,21,22]. This mechanism could be connected to microtubule dynamics. Our investigation aimed at evaluating whether GSM-modulated 915 MHz RF radiation and corresponding specific absorption rates could really affect microtubular structure and cell growth
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