Abstract
In this research work, we synthesised poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) enriched with 2 wt.% zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) through conventional heat polymerisation and characterised its microstructure. It was found that the distribution of ZnO nanoparticles was homogeneous through the volume of the PMMA. The mechanical testing of the PMMA-ZnO composite primarily included the determination of the compressive properties on real dentures, while density measurements were performed using a pycnometer. The testing of functional properties involved the identification of the colour of the new PMMA-ZnO composite, where pure PMMA acted as a control. In the second step, the PMMA-ZnO cytotoxicity assays were measured in vitro, which were shown to be similar to the control PMMA. Based on this, it could be concluded that the newly formed PMMA-ZnO composite did not induce direct or indirect cytotoxic effects in L929 cell cultures; therefore, according to ISO/DIN 10993-5:2009, this composite was categorised as non-cytotoxic.
Highlights
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), commercially available since 1937 and known as acrylic or acrylic glass, is a transparent thermoplastic and versatile material that has been used in a wide range of fields and applications [1,2]
Our research was tasked with showing the fracture resistance of new material on the real tooth poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) NPs denture, while other work was based on testing materials in the form of plates, discs, fibres or films
We have reported the successful synthesis of a PMMA/zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) composite
Summary
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), commercially available since 1937 and known as acrylic or acrylic glass, is a transparent thermoplastic and versatile material that has been used in a wide range of fields and applications [1,2]. PMMA is extensively applicable in medical and dental applications where purity and stability are critical for performance [3,4]. PMMA has an important role as a material for making complete or partial dentures. Royal Air Force pilots, whose eyes had been riddled with PMMA splinters coming from the side windows of their Supermarine Spitfire fighters, found that the plastic scarcely caused any rejection compared to the glass splinters coming from aircraft such as the Hawker Hurricane [5].
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