Abstract
In this proposal new trapezoidal patch microstrip feed antenna array with ground defected by square shape is designed for detailed antenna parameter study in terms of return loss, VSWR, gain and radiation pattern for S band applications from 2 to 3 GHz. The bandwidth and radiation properties of four radiating element arranged in 2 x 2 array has been improved by defecting half of the ground by etching square shape opposite to the vertical feed point. 30 x 70 x 1.6 mm dimension structure has been fabricated in FR4 substrate for low cost applications and performance analyzed in three different planes. With comparison of four element array with full ground, the proposed array with defected ground has proved the improvement in behavior with return loss of -34.687 dB and ideally fit with VSWR of 1.038. Parametric study with feed length and substrate thickness has also been performed optimized decision of structure dimension. This study reveals that by reducing the substrate thickness and increasing the feed length, we can improve the performance of loss reduction. The front view has been simulated with full ground and defected ground for comparison and the compared results shows that the loss reduction of -22 dB has been achieved with VSWR value of 1.03 from 2.28 for defected ground structure. The designed structure has been simulated with CST software and the comparison of simulated results has conform that the proposed structure can be used for S band application like airport surveillance radars with wide bandwidth of 120 MHz and gain of 3.52 dBi. Comparison has been made between the proposed antenna array and the antennas available in literature with respect to bandwidth gain, reflection coefficient and defection type for better understanding.
Highlights
Microstrip antennas are most suitable in wireless application in medical, sensor and agriculture fields due to its light weight [3], easy fabrication and low profile, excitation surface wave [4], narrow bandwidth and low gain are the notable limitations in microstrip antennas [5]
Based on the discussion sofar, in this paper, we have proposed the design of defected ground structure based microstrip trapezoid patch antenna for low frequency S band applications
A simple design microstrip vertical single feed trapezoidal patch 2 x 2 array antenna with square shape defected ground has been proposed for S band applications
Summary
Present wireless communication system has increased market demand and its rapid development leads to much effort in antenna invention with specific significance. The operating bandwidth of microstrip patch antenna can be enhanced by increasing the substrate thickness [6], external matching, proximity coupling [7], coplanar waveguide [8], and separation of feed and antenna, defected ground structure and by parasitic tuning element. Based on the discussion sofar, in this paper, we have proposed the design of defected ground structure based microstrip trapezoid patch antenna for low frequency S band applications. We have proposed the defected ground microstrip trapezoid patch antenna for higher bandwidth and low loss S band applications. The last section concludes our work with suggestion for extension in future
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