Abstract
In Poland the issue of microsomic body structure (micro-SBS) and macrosomic body structure (macro-SBS) has so far been overlooked. Up until now only a small amount of data have been published, most often as an overview of the problem. The current study was designed to investigate the co-occurrence of microsomic/macrosomic body structure (micro/macro-SBS) and congenital nervous system disorders or neurological syndromes with symptoms visible from infancy, based on essential data acquired during admission procedures at a neurological rehabilitation ward for children and adolescents. The study applied a retrospective analysis of data collected during hospitalization of 327 children and adolescents, aged 4–18 years who had been affected since infancy by congenital disorders of the nervous system and/or neurological syndromes associated with a minimum of one neurodysfunction. To identify subjects with microsomic or macrosomic body structure in the group of children and adolescents, the adopted criteria took into account z-score values for body height (z-score Ht), body weight (z-score Wt), head circumference (z-score HC), BMI (z-score BMI) and head circumference index (z-score HCI). The rates of micro/macro-SBS in the study group amounted to 7.3% and 0.6%, respectively. The findings show a more frequent co-occurrence of, as well as statistically significant correlations between, micro/macro-SBS and type of spasticity (cerebral palsy) (p = 0.024) as well as hydrocephalus not treated surgically (p < 0.001). Macro-SBS was found to more frequently co-occur with hemiplegia and hydrocephalus not treated surgically.
Highlights
In Poland the issue of microsomic body structure and macrosomic body structure has so far been overlooked
The methodology used in this study is consistent with previous studies on the coexistence of short-stature[19], tallstature[19], relative/absolute m icrocephaly[20] and relative/absolute m acrocephaly[20] and congenital nervous system disorders or neurological syndromes with symptoms visible from infancy, based on essential data acquired during admission procedures at a neurological rehabilitation ward for children and adolescents
Out of the seven subgroups that were distinguished in the study group, six comprised patients with medical conditions commonly associated with encephalopathy: progressive metabolic disorders (2.1%), progressive genetically-determined epileptic syndromes (0.3%), non-progressive neural tube defects (7.3%), non-progressive genetic disorders: chromosomal aberrations, monogenic disorders except neuromuscular diseases (7.0%), non-progressive toxic encephalopathy (0.3%) and non-progressive cerebral palsy (73.1%)
Summary
In Poland the issue of microsomic body structure (micro-SBS) and macrosomic body structure (macroSBS) has so far been overlooked. The current study was designed to investigate the co-occurrence of microsomic/macrosomic body structure (micro/macro-SBS) and congenital nervous system disorders or neurological syndromes with symptoms visible from infancy, based on essential data acquired during admission procedures at a neurological rehabilitation ward for children and adolescents. Birth weight classified as small for gestational age more commonly occurs in children born from multiple pregnancies or those born prematurely. Those born pre-term present complicated problems related to postnatal adaptation in infancy, but are affected by many disorders occurring later in life, e.g. growth defects, neurological and intellectual consequences, metabolic syndrome, as well as pulmonary and cardio-vascular complications and impaired kidney function[5,8]
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