Microscopic fungi on Schoenoplectus lacustris in Płociczno and Płociowe lakes in Drawa National Park (northwest Poland)

Kinga Mazurkiewicz-Zapałowicz,Aleksandra Rybińska,Łukasz Łopusiewicz

doi:10.5586/am.1099

Kinga Mazurkiewicz-Zapałowicz, Aleksandra Rybińska + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5586/am.1099

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Abstract

In the period 2009–2011, the micromycetes causing symptoms on the leaves of Schoenoplectus lacustris (SL) from Płociczno and Płociowe lakes in Drawa National Park (DNP) were investigated. A total of 39 taxa of microscopic fungi and chromistan fungi were found. The taxonomic structure of the mycobiota was dominated by anamorphs of Ascomycota. In each year of the study, the SL fungal species richness was higher in Płociowe Lake than in Płociczno Lake. In all the years of study in both lakes, the fungal community on SL was composed of the following six dominant species: Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium herbarum, Fusarium incarnatum, F. sacchari, Gibberella avenacea, and Pleospora scirpicola. The species occurring exclusively in Płociczno Lake were Papulaspora immersa, Puccinia scirpi, and Trichothecium roseum, and those found only in Płociowe Lake were Acremoniella atra, Alternaria atra, Aspergillus niger, A. versicolor, Fusarium oxysporum, Gonatobotrys simplex, Massariosphaeria scirpina, Microascus brevicaulis, Penicillium chrysogenum, and Stagonospora aquatica. Only one confirmation of the occurrence of Puccinia scirpi and the lack of other specialized obligate parasites indicate the good health of SL in DNP. The facultative parasites, inter alia, Boeremia exigua, Chaetomium globosum, Fusarium culmorum, F. incarnatum, F. sacchari, Gibberella avenacea, and Stagonospora aquatica that are present on plants as part of the natural process of apoptosis may influence the health of SL.

Highlights

Plants of the genus Schoenoplectus (Rchb.) Palla belong to the family Cyperaceae and are represented by 77 species and subspecies of hydrophytes and helophytes [1]
The aim of the study was to identify the microscopic fungi participating in the natural functioning of Schoenoplectus lacustris (SL) phytocoenoses in Płociczno and Płociowe lakes in Drawa National Park (DNP) and the frequency of their occurrence
The mycological and phytopathological studies conducted on SL collected from the littoral zone of the Płociczno and Płociowe lakes in DNP during 2009–2011 revealed the occurrence of 39 taxa of micromycetes

Summary

Introduction

Plants of the genus Schoenoplectus (Rchb.) Palla (lake bulrush) belong to the family Cyperaceae and are represented by 77 species and subspecies of hydrophytes and helophytes [1]. SL is a characteristic species of the Scirpetum lacustris (Allorge 1922) Chouard 1924 [3] community and is the belt of emergent macrophytes that extend the farthest from the shore. Schoenoplectus along with Typha and Phragmites, form one of the most productive zones in lake ecosystems [4,5]. This zone increased heterogeneity in water reservoirs, shaping the conditions for fishery exploitation.

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