Microscopic fungi on Nymphaeaceae plants of the Lake Płociczno in Drawa National Park (NW Poland)

Kinga Mazurkiewicz-Zapałowicz,Łukasz Łopusiewicz,Aleksandra Golianek

doi:10.5586/am.1079

Kinga Mazurkiewicz-Zapałowicz, Łukasz Łopusiewicz + Show 1 more

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https://doi.org/10.5586/am.1079

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Journal: Acta Mycologica	Publication Date: Jul 26, 2016
Citations: 2	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: West Pomeranian University of Technology

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of micromycetes associated with disease symptoms on the leaves and flowers of three plant species, Nymphaea alba (NA), Nymphaea candida (NC), and Nuphar lutea (NL), forming nympheid phytocoenoses on Lake Płociczno in Drawa National Park during the years 2009 to 2012. From all collected plant specimens, an overall number of 38 distinct taxa of fungi and chromistan fungal analogues was isolated. The largest diversity of taxa was found on NL (37 taxa), the lowest was on NC (4 taxa), and NA contained 12 taxa.Each year, anamorphic forms of Ascomycota were dominant in the taxonomic structure. For the first time in Poland, Septoria nupharis (NA, NL, NC) and Colletotrichum nymphaeae (NL, NC) were found on their spotted leaves. For both of the mentioned pathogens, Nymphaea candida is a new host plant in Poland. Botrytis cinerea, Elongisporangium undulatum (= Pythium undulatum), Epicoccum nigrum, Fusarium incarnatum (= F. semitectum), and Gibberella avenacea (= Fusarium avenaceum) were found each year in the studied phytocoenoses. The confirmation of NA and NL flower infections by Botrytis cinerea, which leads to gangrene, is an important aspect of the gray mold epidemiology. Until now, the occurrence of smut fungi on nympheids in Drawa National Park was not observed. The taxonomic structure and the predomination of asexual stages of fungi, as well as the similarity coefficients, suggest that the seasonal decomposition of nympheids run naturally and contribute to maintaining the stability of the lake ecosystem.

Highlights

Worldwide, Nymphaeaceae Salisb. consists of approx. 70 species from all over the world classified in six genera (Barclaya Wall., Euryale Salisb., Nuphar Sm., Nymphaea L., Ondinea Hartog., and Victoria Lindl.)
Among fungi ascomycetes were dominating group – 32 taxa (84.21%), while zygomycetes and basidiomycetes were represented by single species: Mucor sp. and Athelia rolfsii (= Sclerotium rolfsii), respectively
In all the years of the study, species diversity associated with the leaves of Nymphaeaceae plants was characterized by the presence of Botrytis cinerea, Elongisporangium undulatum, Epicoccum nigrum, Fusarium incarnatum, and Gibberella avenacea

Summary

Introduction

Nymphaeaceae Salisb. consists of approx. 70 species from all over the world classified in six genera (Barclaya Wall., Euryale Salisb., Nuphar Sm., Nymphaea L., Ondinea Hartog., and Victoria Lindl.). 70 species from all over the world classified in six genera (Barclaya Wall., Euryale Salisb., Nuphar Sm., Nymphaea L., Ondinea Hartog., and Victoria Lindl.). Five taxa occur in the Polish natural habitats: Nymphaea alba L., N. candida C. Their hybrids Nymphaea ×borealis Camus, Nuphar lutea (L.) Sibth. The plants inhabit chemically rich (= fertile), shallow, still and slow-flowing waters, mainly on lowlands. Phytocoenoses formed by these plants have been protected by the European Union Networking Programme Natura 2000 since 2010 as naturally valuable. In accordance with the decree of the Polish Minister of Environment on 9 October 2014, Nuphar pumila is strictly protected while Nymphaea alba and N. candida have been

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