MicroRNAs act as a predictor in liver cancer immunotherapy

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer. Unfortunately, it is frequently diagnosedin advanced stages, limiting the available treatment options. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shownpromise in treating HCC, although their effectiveness varies among patients and can result in undesirable sideeffects. To enhance treatment outcomes and ensure patient safety, close monitoring and early intervention forside effects are necessary. Consequently, the selection of biomarkers that can predict the response to ICIs inHCC becomes crucial. MicroRNAs, which play a vital role in regulating gene expression in HCC, have emergedas potential biomarkers for predicting treatment response. Some microRNAs have been found to affect ICIs suchas CTLA-4 and PD-L1, which are the targets of checkpoint inhibitor therapy. By identifying specific microRNAsthat can forecast the response to ICIs, healthcare providers can personalize treatment plans for HCC patients.This tailored approach optimizes resource utilization and minimizes the risk of adverse side effects. Ultimately, thispersonalized strategy can improve treatment outcomes and enhance the quality of life for individuals with HCC.Thus, the selection of microRNAs capable of predicting the response to ICIs in HCC treatment holds significantimportance. It has the potential to enhance patient response rates, decrease adverse effects, and optimize theutilization of healthcare resources.