Abstract
Endothelial plasticity enables the cells to switch their phenotype according to the surrounding vascular microenvironment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that control endothelial plasticity. The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in miRNA profiles of tissue-derived cells and cultured endothelial cells. To this end, miRNA expression was profiled from freshly isolated tissue-derived human vascular endothelial cells and endothelial cells cultured until cellular senescence using miRNA sequencing. In addition, the data was searched for putative novel endothelial miRNAs and miRNA isoforms. The data analysis revealed a striking change in endothelial miRNA profile as the cells adapted from tissue to cell culture environment and the overall miRNA expression decreased significantly in cultured compared to tissue-derived endothelial cells. In addition to changes in mechanosensitive miRNA expression, alterations in senescence-associated and endothelial-to-mesenchymal-transition-associated miRNAs were observed in aging cells. Collectively, the data illustrates the adaptability of endothelial cell miRNA expression that mirrors prevailing cellular environment.
Highlights
Most cellular miRNAs are scarcely expressed, their expression is often increased in pathological states resulting in a shift in the cellular miRNA profile[5]
We have explored the changes in endothelial miRNA profile from tissue-derived to cultured cells and from young to old cells using miRNA sequencing
Sample 0 (S0) samples represent the tissue-derived endothelial cells, which have grown in the presence of flow, and S1 to S3 samples are adjusted to static cell culture conditions
Summary
Most cellular miRNAs are scarcely expressed, their expression is often increased in pathological states resulting in a shift in the cellular miRNA profile[5]. Tissue analysis does not provide information on the distinct expression patterns of the different cell types that constitute the tissue This limitation has led to some misconceptions in cellular miRNA expression and to studies of miRNA function in irrelevant cell types[6]. In addition to extracellular matrix, other cell types directly or indirectly interact with the cells Chemical stimuli, such as varying oxygen levels, paracrine signals and plasma constituents, as well as mechanical forces, such as shear stress and cyclic stress from ventilation, affect endothelial function[7]. Extraction from tissue environment and transfer to cell cultures activates cells and induces proliferation, which eventually leads to cellular senescence, as the cells reach their replicative limit. The data analysis revealed a significant change in endothelial miRNA profile as the cells adapted from tissue to cell culture environment. The data illustrates the plasticity of endothelial cells, and elucidates the fluid nature of the “cell-specific” miRNA profiles, clearly emphasising that the cellular miRNA profile depends on the cell type and developmental stage and on the prevailing environmental cues affecting the cells
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