Micropropagation of Selected Hybrid Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Varieties Using Shoot Tip Culture

Abstract

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops in the world. The use of hybrid varieties is a great option to increase its production but using F2 seed leads to lack of uniformity as a result of segregation. Therefore mass propagation using tissue culture could help to solve these problems. The objective of this study was to develop an optimum micropropagation protocol for Valouro, Uwezo and Shelter hybrid tomato varieties using shoot tip culture. Three successive experiments: shoot initiation; shoot multiplication and root inductions were conducted. Different concentrations of BAP (0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25 mg/l) and (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3 mg/l) were used for shoot initiation and shoot multiplication, respectively. While different concentrations of IBA (0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25 and 1.5 mg/l) were used for root induction. The three separate experiments were laid out as factorial arranged in completely randomized design. The result of shoot initiation showed that the interaction of BAP*Varieties highly significant (P<0.01) effect. In the multiplication experiment, all parameters showed highly significant difference (P<0.01). In rooting experiment the interaction effect of IBA*Variety showed highly significant difference for the studied parameters. In conclusion MS medium without growth regulators was the optimum for shoot initiation. For shoot multiplication experiment 2mg/l, 0.5mg/l and 1.5mg/l of BAP was the optimum concentration for number of shoots per explant, shoot length, and leaf number respectively. For in vitro rooting MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l IBA was optimum for all varieties.