Micronutrient status of population of the Russian Federation and possibility of its correction. State of the problem

Abstract

Vitamin status of the working population (about 950 subjects) from Moscow region, Samara, Nizhny Novgorod, Arkhangelsk, Yamalo-Nenetsky Avtonomny Okrug has been evaluated in 2015-2016. The lack of vitamin D assessed by means of blood serum level determination was detected in 57.5% of the adults, B vitamins - in 12.6-34.5%, vitamins A and E - in 5.3-10.8%, carotene - in 67.3%. Multivitamin insufficiency (the lack of 3 or more vitamins) was found in 22-38% of adults. Micronutrient fortification of foods of mass consumption is a promising way to improve vitamin status of the population. The needs for vitamins in medical, food industry and agriculture are satisfied only by imports. Calculation of the quantity of imported vitamins substances, carried out on the basis of databases of the Federal Customs Service of Russia, showed that import volume of vitamins increased and amounted to 9920 tons (125 980 000 dollars) in 2016. The estimated total demand of food industry in vitamins (substances) for the production of vitamin-mineral supplements (at the rate of 1-month course per person per year), the inclusion of vitamin and mineral supplements in health nutrition in hospitals and the production of fortified foodstuffs (at the rate of 24 kg of flour per year per one person and milk - 50 kg/year per person) was about 2.5 thousand tons per year. The absence of vitamin synthesis in the Russian Federation is a problem for increasing of nutritive value and quality of food products. The urgent need to revive domestic production (synthesis) of vitamin substances has appeared. The use of iodized salt instead of noniodized salt in bread and bakery production automatically converted it into enriched foods, which could improve the iodine sufficiency of the population.