Abstract
Magnetization orientation of a nanoscale ferromagnet can be manipulated by an electric current via spin-transfer torque (STT) effect, which holds great promise in the applications of non-volatile magnetic random access memory (MRAM) and spintorque oscillators. We review the fundamental mechanism and experimental progress of the STT effect. Then, different formula of STT torque has been classified, which can be added to the conventional Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation. After that, we show some simulation results that mainly concern the STT-driven vortex dynamics, magnetization oscillations excited by a perpendicular polarizer, and the detail dynamics by in-plane and out-of-plane dual spin polarizers.
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