Microglia immunomodulation and its implications

Abstract

Event Abstract Back to Event Microglia immunomodulation and its implications Shinsmon Jose1, Zul'Atfi Rahmat1, Yin Yin Ooi1, Rajesh Ramasamy2, 3, King Hwa Ling3, Soon Choy Chan4, Abhimanyu Veerakumarasivam3 and Sharmili Vidyadaran1, 3* 1 Universiti Putra Malaysia, Neuroinflammation Group, Immunology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Malaysia 2 Universiti Putra Malaysia, Stem Cell and Immunity Research Group, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Malaysia 3 Universiti Putra Malaysia, Genetics & Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Malaysia 4 Perdana University, Graduate School of Medicine, Malaysia Modulating microglial inflammatory responses is an approach to minimise tissue damage in the central nervous system. In this presentation, I will outline the immunomodulation of microglia by mesenchymal stem cells and the reciprocal interactions between microglia and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). I will also deliberate on the distinct genetic signature of microglia compared to infiltrating monocytes, and consider the need to distinguish between the contribution of peripheral immune cells and microglia to neuroinflammation. Our laboratory has demonstrated that MSC inhibit microglia proliferation and decrease expression of the microglial costimulatory molecule, CD40. MSC stall microglia proliferation at S phase, an effect that requires cell-to-cell contact. Although implicated by others, we have ruled out the role of nitric oxide and IL-6 in decreasing microglia proliferation. We do however show that downregulation of TNF-alpha confers the anti-proliferative effect of MSC on microglia. Microglia and MSC also demonstrate reciprocal migration, implying that they favour being in close vicinity for these immunomodulatory outcomes and issues such as these require consideration when assessing the therapeutic use of MSC. To obtain a snapshot of the modulatory effect of MSC on microglia, we performed a microarray-based global gene expression analyses by comparing the transcriptome of stimulated and unstimulated microglia in the presence or absence of MSC. The transcriptomic analysis identified multiple pathways that were dysregulated in microglia associated with the presence of MSC. We also identified differentially expressed miRNAs associated with the presence of MSC. The cohesive yet targeted dysregulation of specific genes and pathways provide an insight into the mechanism(s) by which the phenotypic effects of MSC-modulation of microglia is elicited. Keywords: Neurons, glia, Neuroinflammation, MSc, Immunoresponse Conference: 14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 27 Aug - 30 Aug, 2016. Presentation Type: Symposium 10: Microglia: Immune Cells or Brain Cells? Topic: 14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry Citation: Jose S, Rahmat Z, Ooi Y, Ramasamy R, Ling K, Chan S, Veerakumarasivam A and Vidyadaran S (2016). Microglia immunomodulation and its implications. Conference Abstract: 14th Meeting of the Asian-Pacific Society for Neurochemistry. doi: 10.3389/conf.fncel.2016.36.00041 Copyright: The abstracts in this collection have not been subject to any Frontiers peer review or checks, and are not endorsed by Frontiers. They are made available through the Frontiers publishing platform as a service to conference organizers and presenters. The copyright in the individual abstracts is owned by the author of each abstract or his/her employer unless otherwise stated. Each abstract, as well as the collection of abstracts, are published under a Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0 (attribution) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) and may thus be reproduced, translated, adapted and be the subject of derivative works provided the authors and Frontiers are attributed. For Frontiers’ terms and conditions please see https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/terms-and-conditions. Received: 26 Jul 2016; Published Online: 11 Aug 2016. * Correspondence: Dr. Sharmili Vidyadaran, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Neuroinflammation Group, Immunology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Serdang, Malaysia, sharmili@upm.edu.my Login Required This action requires you to be registered with Frontiers and logged in. To register or login click here. Abstract Info Abstract The Authors in Frontiers Shinsmon Jose Zul'Atfi Rahmat Yin Yin Ooi Rajesh Ramasamy King Hwa Ling Soon Choy Chan Abhimanyu Veerakumarasivam Sharmili Vidyadaran Google Shinsmon Jose Zul'Atfi Rahmat Yin Yin Ooi Rajesh Ramasamy King Hwa Ling Soon Choy Chan Abhimanyu Veerakumarasivam Sharmili Vidyadaran Google Scholar Shinsmon Jose Zul'Atfi Rahmat Yin Yin Ooi Rajesh Ramasamy King Hwa Ling Soon Choy Chan Abhimanyu Veerakumarasivam Sharmili Vidyadaran PubMed Shinsmon Jose Zul'Atfi Rahmat Yin Yin Ooi Rajesh Ramasamy King Hwa Ling Soon Choy Chan Abhimanyu Veerakumarasivam Sharmili Vidyadaran Related Article in Frontiers Google Scholar PubMed Abstract Close Back to top Javascript is disabled. Please enable Javascript in your browser settings in order to see all the content on this page.