Abstract
During infection, neutrophils are the most abundantly recruited innate immune cells at sites of infection, playing critical roles in the elimination of local infection and healing of the injury. Neutrophils are considered to be short-lived effector cells that undergo cell death at infection sites and in damaged tissues. However, recent in vitro and in vivo evidence suggests that neutrophil behavior is more complex and that they can migrate away from the inflammatory site back into the vasculature following the resolution of inflammation. Microfluidic devices have contributed to an improved understanding of the interaction and behavior of neutrophils ex vivo in 2D and 3D microenvironments. The role of reverse migration and its contribution to the resolution of inflammation remains unclear. In this review, we will provide a summary of the current applications of microfluidic devices to investigate neutrophil behavior and interactions with other immune cells with a focus on forward and reverse migration in neutrophils.
Highlights
Neutrophils are the most abundant white blood cell, with 1 × 1011 new cells produced in the bone marrow daily with a short lifespan of about ∼7–24 hours in the blood [1]
Neutrophils are crucial to the body’s innate immune response as they are responsible for fighting against invading pathogens as well as cancer
It will be interesting to know if reverse migration of N1 neutrophils can result in systemic inflammation or if reverse migration in the “N2” neutrophil phenotype could serve as a means of cancer immunotherapy
Summary
Kerr 1,2, Anna Huttenlocher 3 and David J. The University of Texas at Dallas, United States Audrey Bernut, Universitede Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, France. Specialty section: This article was submitted to Molecular Innate Immunity, a section of the journal
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