Microclimate Parameters Evaluation for Spaces with Windows of Different Thermal Protection

Abstract

Radiation cold flows from the windows in the winter period play an important role in the formation of the room overall thermal microclimate. The compliance with the requirements of GOST 30494–2011 for the resulting temperature and the local asymmetry of the resulting temperature in the centre of the room, as well as the boundaries of its serviced area, is not subject to any verification during the expert examination of the building projects. The designers do not perform such a check due to the absence of a method for calculating the influence of the temperature of all surrounding surfaces on these indicators. The standards for reduced heat transfer resistances of windows in residential and commercial public buildings have recently been increased. However, for the buildings of medical and preventive, preschool educational, general education institutions, and boarding schools these standards have remained the same. In the proposed work, the problem of the indoor microclimate parameter assessment is solved by calculations using the example of a library reading room with higher thermal protection of the windows and a classroom of the art school, where the window thermal protection has remained the same, in the city of Irkutsk. The percentage of the facade glazing in both cases was 34.5 %. The calculations, which have been made for the coldest calculation period, showed that for windows with an increased heat transfer resistance, the heating devices of the water heating system neutralize the cooling effect of the window radiation fluxes. In the rooms with an air heating system, the optimal norms of the resulting temperature are not met. For various regions of Russia, provision should be made of larger studies as to the combinations of the window heat transfer resistance and the window size to follow the daylighting standards, when the norms of the resulting temperature and the asymmetry of the resulting temperature are not possible to be met.