MICROBIOTA OF URBAN SOILS OF GREEN PLANTATIONS OF KYIV WITH THE ADDITION OF SILICON-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS

Abstract

Problem. Intensive human pressure on urban ecosystems in big cities, such as Kyiv, leads to cenotic and trophic relations disbalance, agronomically useful microbiota and microfauna inhibition, plant resistance to any stressors decrease and disruption of normal soil formation. Therefore, it is important to find new effective, economically viable and environmentally safe methods to overcome soil sickness in city plantations. Aim. To study the structural and functional peculiarities of organization of soil microbial groups in anthropogenically disturbed zones of Kyiv green plantations in order to overcome soil fatigue with the use of natural substances - silicon-containing mineral analcime. Methods. Investigations were carried out on the basis of the National Botanical Garden M.M. Gryshko NAS of Ukraine, Department of Allelopathy. Six research regions in the most сontaminated and anthropogenically disturbed green areas of the Kyiv Obolonsky district were selected as objects. Twice a year, samples of root soil were taken at 0-20 cm depth before application (May) and 3.5 months after application of silicon-containing mixture (analcime) (September). The selection of soil samples, preparation and saving for the study of aerobic microbiota were carried out in accordance with ISO 10381-6-2001. The quantity of microorganisms of main ecological and trophic groups, direction of microbiological processes, identification of soil micromycetes were determined by conventional microbiological methods. Results. The results of this work showed that 3.5 months after the addition of the silicon-containing mixture, there were significant changes in the structure of the soil microbiocenosis. The increase in the number of microorganisms involved in the transformation of nitrogen compounds and the reduction of phytotoxic forms of soil fungi were detected, which indicates favorable conditions for the synthesis of humic compounds. The biggest changes were observed on the side of the highway with active emissions from automobiles and in the park, where higher content of iron ions was determined in the water for irrigation. Conclusions. The conducted research made it possible to estimate the structural and functional organization of microbial groups of the soils in a separate Kyiv district under different anthropogenic influence before and after the addition of silicon-containing mixture.