Abstract
A total of 10 honey samples from different geographical locations of Nigeria were evaluated for their physico-chemical properties and microbiological quality. The honey samples were examined for antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, Clostridium sporogenes and Candida albicans. The study revealed that the honeys had an average pH of 3.86, moisture content of 14.09%, ash content of 0.28% and electrical conductivity of 34.09 µS/cm. The free acidity was about 27.00 meq/kg, lactone acidity 10.55 meq/kg and total acidity of about 37.20 meq/kg. Results of the microbiological characteristics showed total coliform counts of 0 - 3.0 ◊ 10 cfu/g and total aerobic mesophilic bacteria (TAMB) between 1.0 ◊ 10 3 and 5.0 ◊ 10 3 cfu/g. Yeasts and moulds were not detected. The Bacillus species detected were identified as B. cereus, B. megaterium, B. polymyxa, B. licheniformis, B. firmus, and B. pumilus. The honey samples showed inhibitory activity at the various concentrations against Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, E. coli and Proteus vulgaris with the zones of inhibition increasing with honey concentration. B. cereus, K. pneumoniae and Clostridium sporogenes were inhibited at higher concentrations (50 - 100%) of the honey samples. The honey samples showed no inhibitory activity against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans.
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