Abstract
Pectinases are the growing enzymes of biotechnological sector, showing gradual increase in their market. They hold a leading position among the commercially produced industrial enzymes. These enzymes are ecofriendly tool of nature that are being used extensively in various industries like wine industry; food industry; paper industry for bleaching of pulp and waste paper recycling; in the processing of fruit–vegetables, tea–coffee, animal feed; extraction of vegetable oil and scouring of plant fibres. Moreover, enzymatic catalysis is preferred over other chemical methods, since it is more specific, less aggressive and saves energy. This is the review which covers the information available on the applicability potential of this group of enzymes in various sectors.
Highlights
The primary source of industrial enzymes is microorganisms, out of which, 50 % originate from fungi and yeast, 35 % from bacteria, while the remaining 15 % are either of plant or animal origin (Anisa and Girish 2014)
Production of pectinases has been reported by many workers and cost-effective substrates have been used but still the production cost is high either due to low activity or instability of enzyme at high temperature for longer duration
Storage of enzyme at low temperature further increases its cost for industrial application
Summary
The primary source of industrial enzymes is microorganisms, out of which, 50 % originate from fungi and yeast, 35 % from bacteria, while the remaining 15 % are either of plant or animal origin (Anisa and Girish 2014). The pectinases are being produced by various kinds of microorganisms (Servili et al 1992; Kapoor et al 2001; Angayarkanni et al 2002; Hoondal et al 2002; Sharma and Satyanarayana 2012; Sharma et al 2013b; Mohamadi et al 2014). They are reported to be produced in combination with other industrially important enzymes by the same microbial isolate (Kaur et al 2011; Singh et al 2015). The application aspect of pectinases has been discussed under the following heads (Fig. 2)
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