Abstract
During textile processing, different waste materials are produced at different stages including dyes and wastewater. These chemicals and wastewater are ultimately released into environment that negatively affects its biota because of detrimental changes brought into the surrounding by these unused and untreated materials. The major problems being imposed by textile industry include: excessive usage of water, control of its frequent discharge into environment and treatment of this effluent loaded waste water. Industries are struggling to find out some novel solutions for treatment of these wastes to diminish the environmental damage being caused by effluent discharge. In recent years, there is an increasing trend of using different kinds of microorganisms for degradation purpose of textile industries effluents. Because of low cost and long lasting effect of biological remediation of industrial wastes, there has been an increasing demand for new and novel biological solutions for industrial effluent management. In this context, this review summarize major textile dyes, different bioremediation ways by which textile dye effluents can be treated and microbes capable of degradation and decolorization that can be applied in order to develop cost effective methods for textile effluents treatment. Keywords: Azo dyes; Decolorization; Microbial degradation; Textile effluents http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2020.90251
Highlights
Complex chemicals and water pesticides to heavy metals and these are is extensively used in textile industry during mostly important parts of different types of textile processing and untreated and unused dyes being used in the dyeing process of leftover substances are released as waste fabrics [3]
Some microbes being used for degradation are described below: Role of Bacteria in biodegradation Several researchers have studied different bacterial species for bioremediation of dyes, metals, soils and waters that are contaminated by textile effluents
The main reason behind this degradative efficiency of white rot fungi to break down substances such pollutants and aromatic compounds is their lignin degrading enzymes, such as lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase that are not substrate-specific [88, 89]
Summary
Textile industry is considered one of the affecting the aquatic biota [1, 2]. Textile largest industry when it comes to amount of industry effluents are a mixture of many chemicals being used and it is the major polluting substances of complex chemical contributor of chemical pollution in our nature including organochlorine-based environment. Out of 0.7 million tons dyes being produced in textile industry around the globe annually, it is assessed that about 200,000 tons of these resistant compounds are lost every year as effluent because of faulty dying processes [29, 30] Most of these remain in the environment because of their high consistency against physical, chemical and microbial degradation and are continues threat to environment or to flora and fauna [31]. Azo dyes (Table 1), as named on the basis of one or more azo bond (R1-N=N-R2) present in them, account for approximately 60-70% of all textile dyestuffs used in current era [36] Because of their poor absorbability to the fibers and because of their constant chemical nature, their removal is very difficult from waste water by the usual treatments [37]. Nonionic dyes which do not undergo ionization in solution are disperse dyes [39]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
