Abstract
Soda lakes are saline and alkaline ecosystems that are considered to have existed since the first geological records of the world. These lakes support the growth of ecologically and economically important microorganisms due to their unique geochemistry. Microbiota members of lakes are valuable models to study the link between community structure and abiotic parameters such as pH and salinity. Lake Van is the largest endroheic lake and in this study, bacterial diversity of lake water, sediment, and pearl mullet (inci kefali; Alburnus tarichi), an endemic species of fish which are collected from different points of the lake, are studied directly and investigated meticulously using a metabarcoding approach after pre-enrichment. Bacterial community structures were identified using Next Generation Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The analysis revealed that the samples of Lake Van contain high level of bacterial diversity. Direct water samples were dominated by Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Bacteroidota, on the other hand, pre-enriched water samples were dominated by Proteobacteria and Firmicutes at phylum-level. In direct sediment samples Proteobacteria, whereas in pre-enriched sediment samples Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were determined at highest level. Pre-enriched fish samples were dominated by Proteobacteria and Firmicutes at phylum-level. In this study, microbiota members of Lake Van were identified by taxonomic analysis.
Highlights
Environments that contain challenging surviving conditions for normal living forms are called extreme environments and microorganisms living in these environments are described as extremophiles
We aimed to study direct and pre-enriched samples of lake water, sediments, and fish samples collected at different locations in Lake Van in order to identify both the local bacterial community structure and the anthropogenic hygiene indicator bacteria in pre-enriched samples using 16S rRNA next generation sequencing (NGS)
Variations were observed about temperature of sampling locations even though all samples were collected in the same day
Summary
Environments that contain challenging surviving conditions for normal living forms are called extreme environments and microorganisms living in these environments are described as extremophiles. Because of the fact that Lake Van is the largest soda lake, it serves as a model of the possible high alkaline chemistry of the early o cean[15] For these reasons, Lake Van attracted the attention of many researchers, almost all studies seem to be related to Scientific Reports | (2021) 11:18364. Studies in extreme habitats like Lake Van have shown that it contains many new genus and species, as well as microorganisms that have properties that can be used in biotechnology industry[4,7]. We aimed to study direct and pre-enriched samples of lake water, sediments, and fish samples collected at different locations in Lake Van in order to identify both the local bacterial community structure and the anthropogenic hygiene indicator bacteria in pre-enriched samples using 16S rRNA NGS
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