Microanatomical study of superficial veins in the brain central gyrus region

Abstract

Objective To observe the microsurgical anatomy of superficial veins in the brain central gyrus region. Methods Twenty (40 sides) cadaver head specimens were used, and the arteries and veins were perfused with red or blue latex. Under the microscope, the hand-knob of precentral gyrus was used to locate the central sulcus. The related data of venous constitution near the central sulcus were observed. Results In the 40-side specimens, the veins of central gyrus region was mainly composed of precentral veins in 10 sides (25%), was mainly composed of central sulcus veins in 13 sides (32.5%), was mainly composed of central sulcus veins and precentral or postcentral veins in 6 sides (15%), and was composed of thick Trolard's veins in 11 sides (27.5%). Of the 40-side specimens, 29 sides (72.5%) had 29 precentral veins, the diameters were 0.69 cm to 6.96 cm; 32 sides (80.0%) had 35 central sulcus veins, the diameters were 1.38 cm to 5.66 cm; 39 sides (97.5%) had 41 Trolard's veins, the diameters were 0.44 cm to 2.60 cm; 5 sides (12.5%) had 5 postcentral veins, the diameters were 0.74 cm to 2.30 cm. Forty sides (100%) had 43 paracentral veins, they sneaked in the subdural spaces, the ranges were 0.4 cm to 0.9 cm (mean, 0.6 cm±0.3 cm), the return angles were 40.7° to 81.7°. Conclusions The variability of the constitution forms of the superficial veins in the cerebral central region is great, the reflux veinous branches are more, the return paths are tortuous, and it is easy to be confused with the adjacent branches of the veins. The angle of the paracentral veins flowing into the superior sagittal sinus or the venous spaces nearby, and the veins in the central gyrus region is large. The sneak distance is short in the subdural space and limits the retractor width of the longitudinal fissure. Although the appearance rate of the Trolard vein is high and sometimes is significantly thick, the veins in the central region still need to be strictly protected. Key words: Cerebral veins; Neuroanatomy; Microsurgery