Microalgal Derivatives as Potential Nutraceutical and Pharmaceutical: Boon to Human Beings

Abstract

Background: Marine resources have diverse biological and beneficial entities for human beings. Among them, microalgae are one of the eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms found in freshwater and marine environments with an immense source of metabolites. They consist of high nutraceutical and value-added compounds for health concerns. Objective: Most microalgal species like- chlorella, spirulina, Isochrysis, Nannochloropsis, etc. are found to synthesize biologically active secondary metabolites which are having high pharmaceutical and nutraceutical value. Some of the purely extracted compounds are Lecithin, fucoxanthin, astaxanthin, and most important Sulphur polysaccharides- fucose, galactose, xylose, rhamnose, etc. are providing anti-microbial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-cancer and anti-diabetic activities. Methods: Many of the prior studies demonstrated the compilation of naturally derived secondary metabolites for their potential application in most fields. Because of their wide-ranging potential for use in biopharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries, microalgae have recently gained significant interest on a global scale. Result: Microalgae are both parts of the dietary ingredients and bioactive pharmaceuticals. A number of microalgal species have been explored for their significance towards their high-value products with their exceptional pharmacological and biological properties. Conclusion: This current review discussed the uses and benefits of microalgae for the manufacture of nutraceuticals and the medicinal use of diverse bioactive compounds.