MHD flow in free convection over an exponentially stretched sheet submerged in a double-stratified medium

Abstract

The inquiry presents magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) heat mixed with mass transfer free convective flow across an inclined sheet lodged in a doubly stratified medium with the impact of radiation, suction, heat source, chemical reaction, thermophoresis and soret. A variable magnetic field is also applied to the stretching sheet. The similarity transformation is used to turn the nonlinear controlling boundary layer PDEs (partial differential equations) of momentum, temperature and concentration into a set of nonlinear ODEs (ordinary differential equations). The ODEs are then numerically solved with the MATLAB bvp4c technique. The variation in flow, heat and concentration profiles caused by the various parameters associated with the problem, such as Hartmann number, suction parameter, Prandtl number, heat source parameter, Eckert number, radiation, thermal stratification, chemical stratification, thermophoretic and chemical reaction parameter are shown via graphs. Impacts on skin friction coefficient, heat and mass transfer rate are also depicted using tables for different parameters. The fluid velocity decreases with the rise in magnetic parameters in the presence or absence of suction. The fluid’s temperature escalates with the rise in heat source parameter and Eckert number in the presence of suction. The concentration profile escalates with the rise in solutal stratification parameter in the absence of suction.