Abstract
Electric arc furnace (EAF) has a range of functions, including improving energy efficiency through the slag phenomenon. As such, the study of is important in EAFs. One of the factors that determine foaming quality and efficiency is the presence of solid particles. MgO saturation is highly significant since, in addition to ensuring the presence of solid particles, it also ensures chemical compatibility to minimize refractory consumption. The present study aims to examine MgO saturation, using the software FactSage v.6.4 for all calculations, in the CaO-SiO2-FeO-MgO-Al2O3 system and the influence of binary basicity, FeO and Al2O3 content on this system. Ternary diagrams revealed the influence of Al2O3 content on the liquid field and other phases present. Isothermal saturation diagrams (ISDs) were constructed, showing the same dual saturation points found in the ternary diagrams. The ISDs were validated by comparing the results of different heats in terms of the electrical energy consumption. The closer the heat is to the MgO saturation line, the less energy is consumed.
Highlights
Slag plays different roles in electric arc furnaces, from protecting refractories against arc radiation to absorbing phosphorus and improving energy efficiency.in order to satisfactorily perform these roles, slag composition must be compatible with the refractories used in the furnace
Results obtained using FactSage were in accordance with those expected for the relationship between basicity and MgO saturation, where the MgO
A different effect was observed for basicity of 1.5, with MgO saturation decreasing as FeO contents increased
Summary
In order to satisfactorily perform these roles, slag composition must be compatible with the refractories used in the furnace. They are typically made of basic oxides (MgO, CaO, etc.) and end up being incorporated to the slag throughout the EAF process, as primary refining slag is rich in acidic oxides (SiO2, MnO, FeO, etc.). It must have the correct basicity and be MgO saturated. Excess MgO and proper basicity minimize refractory consumption and contribute to the foaming phenomenon. Slag must contain excess oxygen and carbon, according to the following reactions 1 and 2
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