Abstract
This paper is a review covering the methods most often applied in the synthesis of polyurethane copolymers of various structures (e.g. block or star-shaped). New Controlled Radical Polymerization (CRP) methods such as Controlled Radical Polymerization using the iniferter technique, Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) and the Surface Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (SI ATRP) have been discussed in detail. There has been progress made in recent years in each of these methods allowing for the synthesis of small or large molecular weight polymers, functionalization with various types of terminal groups and the formation of novel products with unique topology (nanotubes, core-shell particles) as well as block or star-shaped copolymers. Specifically, CRP allows for the development of biomedical materials — antimicrobial coatings of controlled thickness or protein-resistant surface layers.
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