Abstract
In this work, we synthesized In2S3 powder through chemical bath deposition method (CBD) in acid medium; we used thioacetamide as sulphide source and InCl3 as indium ion source. X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflection, and Raman spectroscopy measurements were used for In2S3 powder physicochemical characterization. Optical analysis indicated that In2S3 was active in the visible region of electromagnetic spectrum; it had a band gap of 2.47 eV; the diffraction patterns and Raman spectroscopy suggested that powder had polycrystalline structure. Furthermore, we also studied the adsorption process of methylene blue (MB) on In2S3 powder; adsorption studies indicated that the Langmuir model describes experimental data. Finally, photocatalytic degradation of MB was studied under visible irradiation in aqueous solution; besides, pseudo-first-order model was used to obtain kinetic information about photocatalytic degradation; results indicated that the powder catalyst reduces 26% concentration of MB under visible irradiation.
Highlights
Nowadays, a subject of great research worldwide is associated with study of different ways to degrade pollutants present into water sources, because they have a negative impact on both quality ground and surface level of water reserves last reports indicate that more than 2 million tons of pollutants are generated daily in the planet; about 1800 millions of people around the world are supplied by a source of water contaminated by biological or chemical pollutant [1]
Heterogeneous photocatalysis (HP) is an option to degrade different recalcitrant pollutants, because HP is not a selective process; this methodology could act on almost any contaminant under suitable conditions [10]
In photocatalytic process we used a batch photoreactor under visible irradiation 100 W OSRAM halogen immersion lamp. 0.025 g of In2S3 was immersed in the reactor with solution methylene blue (MB) (10 ppm); during the photodegradation process, air was injected to reactor; the illumination time was beginning after 60 minutes of dark stirring to reach adsorption equilibrium; the concentration of dye was determined by spectrophotometry at λ = 665 nm
Summary
A subject of great research worldwide is associated with study of different ways to degrade pollutants (e.g., biological and chemical) present into water sources, because they have a negative impact on both quality ground (internal) and surface level of water reserves last reports indicate that more than 2 million tons of pollutants are generated daily in the planet; about 1800 millions of people around the world are supplied by a source of water contaminated by biological or chemical pollutant [1]. It is common to modify both bulk and surface properties of TiO2 to solve these problems; some options involve the following: (a) noble metal loading is used to reduce recombination rate of electronhole pair; (b) both ion implantation and nonmetal doping are applied to reduce band gap of the TiO2; and (c) sensitization occurs by absorption of natural and/or synthetic organic dyes. These methodologies improve photoactivity of TiO2 at visible region of electromagnetic spectrum [12]. The aim of this study is to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of In2S3 synthesized by CBD in the degradation of methylene blue as a potential alternative in photocatalysis
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