METHODS OF ORAL HYGIENE FOR CRITICAL PATIENTS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT. A REVIEW

Abstract

Background: currently, the problem of the effectiveness and quality of oral hygiene is very relevant, however, for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) this is extremely important issue. Purpose: to study, according to the literature sources, the state of oral hygiene for patients in the ICU, with the use of various antiseptics and methods. Methods: a literature search was conducted in the Scopus, Pubmed, Web of science, Elibrary, Google Scholar databases to study the issue of literature data on oral care methods for critical patients. Inclusion criteria: original peer-reviewed studies with a focus on evaluating the clinical effectiveness of oral care, published in the period 2000-2023. Results: most studies have found that oral hygiene in patients in the intensive resuscitation unit reduces the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) but does not affect the duration of stay on artificial lung ventilation and mortality. The literature re-view included studies on the effectiveness of hydrogen peroxide n=2(10%), chlorhexidine n=10(50%), povidone iodine n=2(10%), phytopreparations n=4(20%). Conclusion: there is no universal and effective protocol for conducting the oral hygiene in the ICU patients, as well as recommendations on the choice of antiseptic, concentration and method of application. Further study of this issue is required.