Abstract
Today's production costs and the shortages of animation artists have made it almost impossible to produce fully-animated cartoon films. While some methods did develop the outline drawings of the character by various chemical or optical means, all of the early methods required the making of large, transparent “cels” for each frame, which had to be hand-colored and retouched before being re-photographed by conventional animation techniques. The new system produces not only the most complex character outline drawings but also the flat, cartoon-style coloring directly onto 35mm film by means of simple laboratory printing and processing. An automatic traveling matte is used to combine these images with the backgrounds. Production procedures parallel those of normal live-action filming. The principles involved for each production and laboratory step are described and illustrated.
Published Version
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