Abstract
Oral health problems may occur as a result of the ingestion of acid drinks. The objective of this in vitro study was to quantify and screen the concentration of potassium (K), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), barium (Ba), lead (Pb), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), aluminum (Al), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (Mo), sodium (Na), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se), and vanadium (V) released from bovine incisors during an erosive challenge at different times of exposure when immersed in Coca-Cola™, orange juice, and grape juice. A total of 240 samples of bovine incisor teeth were used for the erosive challenge and allocated in groups. Digestion of drinks was performed using microwave-assisted digestion. The content in acidic drinks was monitored before and after the erosive challenge at exposure times of 1, 5, and 60 min using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). The drinks’ pH varied slightly during the erosive challenge but remained below the critical value of pH 5 to cause tooth demineralization. The concentrations of elements released from the bovine incisors during the in vitro erosive challenge depend on exposure times when immersed in acidic beverages. For some elements such as Ca, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cu, Ba, Pb, As, and Cd, quantified in acidic drinks, grape juice had greater erosive potential than Coca-Cola™ and orange juice. Quantification and monitoring of chemical elements in bovine teeth can be performed considering a longer erosive time and other types of acidic drinks. Further analysis using human teeth is still not available and must be conducted. The demineralization of teeth not only occurs in acidic beverages; physical and chemical factors play other roles and should be investigated.
Highlights
The demineralization and the subsequent erosion and/or loss of the tooth surface have become the target of studies and concerns for dental science, the dental profession, and the patient [1,2,3]
Results obtained by Fujii et al [9], Jager et al [11], and Zimmer et al [14] corroborate with our data (Table 3, Figure 1, and Table 4), so there is a positive correlation between demineralization and short exposure times
In all the papers that carried out the erosive challenge considering acid drinks [9,11,22], the demineralization due to loss of
Summary
The demineralization and the subsequent erosion and/or loss of the tooth surface have become the target of studies and concerns for dental science, the dental profession, and the patient [1,2,3]. Various eating habits for a short or long period can cause tooth erosion [9,10]. Acidic drinks are the ones that most cause erosive injuries [3,4]. There are several opinions about pH’s value and its erosive power [2,3,5,9]. The higher the drink’s titratable acidity, the greater its erosive power over dental structures [2,3]. Some publications believe that a pH above 5.0 is not significant for dental erosion [11]. Some researchers consider other important parameters such as acid concentration, degree of saturation, calcium and phosphate concentrations, and erosion inhibitors to influence tooth erosion [12]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
