Abstract
For study of car-pedestrian crashes, it is two common methods that can be employed: conducting crash tests with mechanical dummies and simulating car crashes on computer. The former is a traditional way and gives good results compared with real life car impact; however, its disadvantage is very expensive test equipment and generally more time-consuming than the latter because after every crash test, experimental vehicles as well as dummies need repairing to be ready for the next experiments. Therefore, crash test simulation using finite-element method is more and more popular in the automobile industry because of its feasibility and cost saving. The majority of finite element dummy models used in crash simulation. Particularly, it is popular to use Hybrid III 50th dummy model which is built based on fiftieth percentile male (equal in height and weight of the average North American). Thus, it is necessary to develop a scaling algorithm to scale a reference dummy size into a desired one without rebuilding the entire model. In this paper, the Hybrid III dummy model provided by LS-DYNA software is scaled to suit Vietnamese biomechanical characteristics. Scaling algorithm comprises dummy geometry, inertial properties and joint properties is utilized. In order to estimate level of head injury – brain concussion by using numerical simulation, the correlation between Head Injury Criterion (HIC) and Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) is introduced. In addition, the Hybrid III dummy model in crashworthiness simulation is presented in key frame picture. Numerical simulation approach is validated by comparing results of head acceleration and HIC obtain from this study with experimental data and numerical simulation results in other publication
Highlights
Traffic accident is undoubtedly one of the most alarming problems and is the main reason for the increase in deaths in Vietnam as roughly 14,000 people lose their lives each year due to road traffic crashes according to WHO 1
For study of car-pedestrian crashes, it is two common methods that can be employed: conducting crash tests with mechanical dummies and simulating car crashes on computer. The former is a traditional way and gives good results compared with real life car impact; its disadvantage is very expensive test equipment and generally more time-consuming than the latter because after every crash test, experimental vehicles as well as dummies need repairing to be ready for the experiments
The Hybrid III dummy model provided by LS-DYNA software is scaled to suit Vietnamese biomechanical characteristics
Summary
Traffic accident is undoubtedly one of the most alarming problems and is the main reason for the increase in deaths in Vietnam as roughly 14,000 people lose their lives each year due to road traffic crashes according to WHO 1. WHO’s report in 2017 on traffic accidents per country shows that there are 24.5 road fatalities per 100,000 inhabitants in Vietnam while the average figure in the world is 17 people per 100,000 inhabitants, which demonstrates that the number of fatalities in Vietnam is much higher than that in the world. The report, illustrates that the number of traffic fatalities in high-income countries is 9.3 men per 100,000 inhabitants that is much lower than that in low-income and middle-income nations (18.4 and 24.1 respectively) 2. Another noticeable point is the death proportion in developing countries outnumbers that in poor countries, and it can be reasoned that there are more road vehicles used in developing countries than in poor countries.
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