Abstract
The stage of construction is one of the main compulsory periods of the life cycle in the formation of construction end-products – capital construction projects of various functional purposes. The compulsory assessment of conformity of buildings and structures, as well as design construction, installation, setting up and recycling (demolition) processes associated with buildings and structures is conducted in Russia in the form of state construction supervision. An assessment results in a document certifying conformity of the actual indicators with the requirements of design, normative (industrial) and legislative documents. Conformity is assessed in accordance with procedural rules depending on the functional purpose of the capital construction project. There are two conformity assessment forms that appear to be similar: “construction inspection” and “state construction supervision”. They both characterize an approach used to assess the conformity of activities of participants in the construction operations (customers, developers, contractors) on formation of construction end-products – capital construction projects. These terms differ in so far as the construction inspection implies control by the customer of operations of contractors. State construction supervision authorities undertake supervisory (including inspection) activities in order to identify and crack down on violations of the requirements of technological regulations or other normative legal acts and design documents, committed by the key players in the construction investment activities (customer, developer, contractors), with the involvement of state authorities.
Highlights
IntroductionThe primary risk (or rather, man-made risk) associated with the exploitation of the products of construction industry is such a condition (technical, physical) of the objects of capital construction, which may lead to material, social and environmental losses or risks of manifestation of these consequences in the form of accidents or damage
Formation of conditions for the safe and reliable operation is a priority for the objects of capital construction of any functional purpose [1, 2]
Analysis of accidents happened at the objects of capital construction indicates that the situations caused by accidents are almost never caused by the consequence of the only one reason and occur as a result of interaction of several different factors [4]
Summary
The primary risk (or rather, man-made risk) associated with the exploitation of the products of construction industry is such a condition (technical, physical) of the objects of capital construction, which may lead to material, social and environmental losses or risks of manifestation of these consequences in the form of accidents or damage. The consequences of accidents include: direct economic losses (damage), the shortfall in the profit because of the late commissioning (or loss of part of the calculated capacity) of the construction projects, excessive operating costs; premature physical and moral wearout of construction products, reduction of social and/or environmental conditions [2]. The main causes of accidents are the negative factors of different physical nature, which are formed by or manifest themselves at different stages (periods) in the life cycle of construction projects
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