Methodological approaches to assessing the working conditions of locomotive crew drivers based

Abstract

Introduction. A significant number of registered occupational diseases are accompanied by social and economic losses. The structure and levels of occupational and work-related diseases are cause-and-effect dependent on the quality of working conditions and the intensity of exposure to harmful factors of the production environment and the labor process. The aim of the study is to determine the safe length of work experience under the influence of a combination of adverse factors of the working environment based on the application of the methodology for assessing the health risk of workers (for example, drivers of locomotive crews of railway transport). Materials and methods . Hygienic assessment of working conditions of drivers based on the current regulatory documentation (R 2.2.2006-05 Occupational health. Guidelines for the hygienic assessment of working environment and labor process factors. Criteria and classification of working conditions; Appendix No. 1 to the order of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation ofJanuary 24, 2014 No. 33n Methodology for conducting a special assessment of working conditions; SanPiN 2.2.4.3359-16 Sanitary and epidemiological requirements for physical factors in the workplace). Calculation of indicators of risk of loss to health in accordance with GOST R 12.0.010-2009 “SSBT SUOT hazard identification and risk assessment”, methodological recommendations “Assessment and forecast of professional reliability and professional risk of drivers of various vehicles” MR 2.2.0085-14, taking into account the requirements of the Manual of 24.06.2003 № 2.2.1766-03 Manual for assessing professional risk to the health of employees. Organizational and methodological bases, principles and evaluation criteria. Results. Based on the risk assessment methodology, regression formulas were developed for predicting the health loss of locomotive crew drivers and age groups were identified with a high degree of probability of their production-related and occupational pathology. Conclusions. The working conditions of drivers of locomotive crews were assessed as harmful to the second degree (3.2). The main adverse factors are noise, general vibration, microclimatic conditions, stress and severity of the labor process. The risk of loss of health calculated in accordance with GOSTR 12.0.010-2009 is defined as “High” (R=10.7). The critical age of 50years has been established for the formation of production-related pathology of the nervous and cardiovascular systems. There is a high probability of manifestation of the initial phenomena of sensorineural hearing loss at the turn of 40 years, at the age of 52-55 years (work experience of 27-30 years) — professional sensorineural hearing loss. A high probability of professional pathology formation by the age of 55 was revealed. It is justified to reduce the working shift to 6 hours (30 hours per week) or provide an additional day per week (32 hours per week).