METHOD OF MACROMICROSCOPIC PREPARATION TO DETERMINE THE FETAL ANATOMICAL VARIABILITY OF THE STRUCTURES OF THE ANTERIOR SHOULDER AREA

Abstract

It is known that the anterior shoulder region is characterized by unique structural features and anatomical relationships that play an important role in the functioning of the shoulder. Understanding the topography of the bones, ligaments, muscles, nerves, and vessels of the anterior shoulder region is necessary to eff ectively diagnose shoulder pathology, particularly with dysfunctions of various genesis and trauma. Examination of a patient with complaints of shoulder pain, depending on the degree of complexity, requires the use of additional research methods, the basis of which is knowledge of anatomical landmarks.The clinical value of using the algorithm for anatomical preparation of fascia, muscles, lymph nodes, blood vessels, and nerves of the anterior shoulder area in the practice of a surgeon allows for to prevention of their injury during complex surgical interventions.The study aimed to improve the technique of sequential preparation of fascia, muscles, vessels, and nerves of the anterior shoulder region in human fetuses to obtain standard results suitable for comparison in the age aspect.The study of fetal anatomy of the structures of the anterior shoulder area was carried out on 26 preparations of human fetuses of 4-10 months with the help of macromicroscopic dissection.On the anterior- medial surface of the shoulder, the landmark that determines the position of the vascular and nerve trunks is the medial edge of the biceps brachii muscle and its tendon. During macromicroscopic dissection of fetuses of diff erent ages, anatomical variability of the muscles of the anterior group of the shoulder, as well as vascular and nervous formations of the anterior shoulder area, was established. The obtained data on the technique of preparing the structures of the anterior shoulder area and the topographic and anatomical landmarks of its vascular and nervous formations in the fetal period of ontogenesis will contribute to the justifi cation of rational diagnostic and therapeutic techniques in fetal surgery.